{"id":258,"date":"2026-10-05T06:48:58","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T06:48:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/blog\/?p=258"},"modified":"2026-10-31T09:10:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-31T09:10:22","slug":"separable-verbs-german","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/blog\/separable-verbs-german\/","title":{"rendered":"German Separable Verbs: The Simple Rules and 30 Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A separable verb (<em>trennbares Verb<\/em>) is a verb whose prefix jumps to the end of the sentence: <em>aufstehen<\/em> becomes <em>Ich stehe um sieben Uhr <\/em><em>auf<\/em><em>.<\/em> You need to know just four things to use them correctly: which prefixes separate, where they go, <a href=\"\/blog\/german-perfekt-haben-sein\/\">what happens in the Perfekt<\/a>, and what happens in subordinate clauses. The rest is a matter of practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The core idea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Take the verb <em>anrufen<\/em> (to call). It is built from <strong>an<\/strong> + <strong>rufen<\/strong>. In a normal main clause, the two halves separate: the conjugated verb stays in position 2, and the prefix goes to the very end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ich rufe<\/strong> dich morgen <strong>an<\/strong>. (I&#8217;ll call you tomorrow.)<\/li><li><strong>Sie steht<\/strong> jeden Tag um sechs Uhr <strong>auf<\/strong>. (She gets up at six every day.)<\/li><li><strong>Wir kaufen<\/strong> am Samstag im Supermarkt <strong>ein<\/strong>. (We shop at the supermarket on Saturday.)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Everything between the two halves is the &#8220;sandwich&#8221; (<em>Satzklammer<\/em>): time, place, objects. That is why German verbs feel like they arrive late: the meaning often sits in the prefix at the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The four rules<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rule 1: In main clauses, the prefix goes to the end<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Infinitive<\/th><th>Sentence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>aufstehen<\/td><td>Ich <strong>stehe<\/strong> fr\u00fch <strong>auf<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>einkaufen<\/td><td>Wir <strong>kaufen<\/strong> heute <strong>ein<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mitkommen<\/td><td><strong>Kommst<\/strong> du <strong>mit<\/strong>?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>anfangen<\/td><td>Der Kurs <strong>f\u00e4ngt<\/strong> um neun Uhr <strong>an<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In questions and commands the same applies: <strong>Ruf mich an!<\/strong> (Call me!) and <strong>Machst du bitte das Fenster auf?<\/strong> (Can you open the window?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rule 2: With modal verbs and in the infinitive, the verb stays together<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a <a href=\"\/blog\/german-modal-verbs\/\">modal verb takes the second position<\/a>, the main verb goes back to its infinitive form and stays in one piece at the end:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ich <strong>muss<\/strong> morgen fr\u00fch <strong>aufstehen<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Kannst du mich sp\u00e4ter <strong>anrufen<\/strong>?<\/li><li>Wir <strong>wollen<\/strong> am Wochenende <strong>einkaufen<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same happens with <em>zu<\/em>: the <em>zu<\/em> goes <strong>inside<\/strong> the verb: <em>Ich habe keine Lust, fr\u00fch <\/em><em>aufzustehen<\/em><em>.<\/em> (I don&#8217;t feel like getting up early.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rule 3: In subordinate clauses, the verb goes to the end and is joined again<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After words like <em>weil<\/em>, <em>dass<\/em>, <em>wenn<\/em> and <em>obwohl<\/em>, <a href=\"\/blog\/german-word-order-rules\/\">the verb is sent to the end<\/a>. Then the two halves reunite:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ich bin m\u00fcde, <strong>weil<\/strong> ich heute fr\u00fch <strong>aufgestanden bin<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Ich wei\u00df nicht, <strong>ob<\/strong> er mich <strong>anruft<\/strong>.<\/li><li><strong>Wenn<\/strong> der Zug p\u00fcnktlich <strong>ankommt<\/strong>, hole ich dich ab.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rule 4: In the Perfekt, the <em>-ge-<\/em> goes between prefix and verb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The past participle of a separable verb is written as one word, with <em>-ge-<\/em> in the middle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Infinitive<\/th><th>Perfekt<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>anrufen<\/td><td>Ich <strong>habe<\/strong> dich <strong>angerufen<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>einkaufen<\/td><td>Wir <strong>haben<\/strong> <strong>eingekauft<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>aufstehen<\/td><td>Er <strong>ist<\/strong> fr\u00fch <strong>aufgestanden<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mitkommen<\/td><td>Sie <strong>ist<\/strong> nicht <strong>mitgekommen<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ankommen<\/td><td>Der Zug <strong>ist<\/strong> p\u00fcnktlich <strong>angekommen<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whether you use <em>haben<\/em> or <em>sein<\/em> depends on the verb and has nothing to do with the prefix. We cover how to choose between <em>haben<\/em> and <em>sein<\/em> in a separate post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The 30 separable verbs to learn first<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Verb<\/th><th>Meaning<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>anfangen<\/strong><\/td><td>to begin<\/td><td>Der Film f\u00e4ngt um acht an.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>anrufen<\/strong><\/td><td>to call<\/td><td>Ich rufe dich sp\u00e4ter an.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ankommen<\/strong><\/td><td>to arrive<\/td><td>Wann kommt der Zug an?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>anziehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to put on (clothes)<\/td><td>Ich ziehe eine Jacke an.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aufh\u00f6ren<\/strong><\/td><td>to stop<\/td><td>Es h\u00f6rt bald auf zu regnen.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aufmachen<\/strong><\/td><td>to open<\/td><td>Mach bitte die T\u00fcr auf.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aufr\u00e4umen<\/strong><\/td><td>to tidy up<\/td><td>Ich r\u00e4ume mein Zimmer auf.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aufstehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to get up<\/td><td>Er steht um sechs auf.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aussehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to look (like)<\/td><td>Du siehst m\u00fcde aus.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>aussteigen<\/strong><\/td><td>to get off<\/td><td>Ich steige am Hauptbahnhof aus.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>einkaufen<\/strong><\/td><td>to shop<\/td><td>Wir kaufen am Samstag ein.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>einladen<\/strong><\/td><td>to invite<\/td><td>Sie l\u00e4dt uns zur Party ein.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>einsteigen<\/strong><\/td><td>to get on<\/td><td>Steigen Sie bitte hier ein.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>einschlafen<\/strong><\/td><td>to fall asleep<\/td><td>Das Baby schl\u00e4ft schnell ein.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>fernsehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to watch TV<\/td><td>Abends sehen wir fern.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>mitbringen<\/strong><\/td><td>to bring along<\/td><td>Bring bitte etwas zu trinken mit.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>mitkommen<\/strong><\/td><td>to come along<\/td><td>Kommst du mit ins Kino?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>mitnehmen<\/strong><\/td><td>to take along<\/td><td>Ich nehme einen Schirm mit.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>nachfragen<\/strong><\/td><td>to ask (for detail)<\/td><td>Ich frage beim Amt nach.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>stattfinden<\/strong><\/td><td>to take place<\/td><td>Der Kurs findet online statt.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>teilnehmen<\/strong><\/td><td>to take part<\/td><td>Ich nehme am Kurs teil.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>umziehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to move (house)<\/td><td>Wir ziehen n\u00e4chsten Monat um.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>umsteigen<\/strong><\/td><td>to change (trains)<\/td><td>Sie m\u00fcssen in K\u00f6ln umsteigen.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>vorbereiten<\/strong><\/td><td>to prepare<\/td><td>Ich bereite die Pr\u00fcfung vor.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>vorschlagen<\/strong><\/td><td>to suggest<\/td><td>Ich schlage ein Treffen vor.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>weggehen<\/strong><\/td><td>to go away<\/td><td>Er geht um zehn weg.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>abholen<\/strong><\/td><td>to pick up<\/td><td>Ich hole dich am Bahnhof ab.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>zur\u00fcckkommen<\/strong><\/td><td>to come back<\/td><td>Wann kommst du zur\u00fcck?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>zumachen<\/strong><\/td><td>to close<\/td><td>Mach bitte das Fenster zu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>zuh\u00f6ren<\/strong><\/td><td>to listen<\/td><td>H\u00f6r mir bitte zu.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Note that <em>wiederholen<\/em> (to repeat) is <strong>not<\/strong> on this list: in that meaning it is inseparable (<em>Ich wiederhole das Wort<\/em>). It&#8217;s a good example of why a few prefixes need care (see the next section).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Practise your German out loud with SipLingo, free to try on iPhone and Android:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"siplingo-store-badges\" style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin:24px 0;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/app\/id6783970183\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/app_store.png\" alt=\"Download SipLingo on the App Store\" style=\"height:52px;width:auto;\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=ch.zgdevelopment.siplingo&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Dblog%26utm_medium%3Dpost%26utm_campaign%3Dseparable-verbs-german%26utm_content%3Dbadge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/play_store.png\" alt=\"Get SipLingo on Google Play\" style=\"height:52px;width:auto;\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which prefixes separate, and which don&#8217;t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Almost always separable:<\/strong> <em>ab-, an-, auf-, aus-, bei-, ein-, fern-, mit-, nach-, vor-, weg-, zu-, zur\u00fcck-, zusammen-<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Never separable:<\/strong> <em>be-, emp-, ent-, er-, ge-, miss-, ver-, zer-<\/em>. These verbs stay in one piece:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ich verstehe<\/strong> dich nicht. (Not &#8220;ich stehe dich ver.&#8221;)<\/li><li><strong>Sie bekommt<\/strong> einen Brief.<\/li><li>Sein Bruder <strong>besucht<\/strong> uns am Sonntag.<\/li><li>Perfekt: no <em>-ge-<\/em>: <em>verstanden, bekommen, besucht.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Both, depending on meaning:<\/strong> <em>durch-, \u00fcber-, um-, unter-, wieder-, hinter-<\/em>. Compare <em>Ich \u00fcbersetze den Text<\/em> (translate, inseparable) and <em>Der F\u00e4hrmann setzt uns \u00fcber<\/em> (ferry across, separable). Beginners can safely use the common ones (<em>umziehen, umsteigen, \u00fcbersetzen, unterschreiben<\/em>) as listed in a dictionary and learn any exceptions when they appear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tip:<\/strong> A good dictionary shows the split, usually as <em>an|rufen<\/em> or with <em>(trennbar)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The classic mistakes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Forgetting the prefix.<\/strong> <em>Ich stehe um sieben.<\/em> (missing: <em>auf<\/em>.) The sentence is incomplete, and listeners hear a different verb (<em>stehen<\/em>).<\/li><li><strong>Not moving the prefix.<\/strong> <em>Ich aufstehe um sieben.<\/em> Wrong: the prefix must go to the end.<\/li><li><strong>Wrong Perfekt.<\/strong> <em>Ich habe angerufet<\/em> \/ <em>Ich habe geanrufen.<\/em> Correct: <em>angerufen.<\/em><\/li><li><strong>Splitting inseparable verbs.<\/strong> <em>Ich stehe dich ver.<\/em> Wrong: <em>Ich verstehe dich.<\/em><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Correction in the moment is what fixes these.<\/strong> The prefix at the end of the sentence is easy to forget under speaking pressure. SipLingo catches it as you speak, and explains it in your own language, with the correct sentence. <a href=\"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/download?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=separable-verbs-german&amp;utm_content=inline\">Try it free \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A 5-minute daily routine<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Describe your day using separable verbs, out loud, for five minutes. It works because a daily routine is full of them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ich stehe um sieben Uhr auf. Dann ziehe ich mich an und mache das Fr\u00fchst\u00fcck. Um acht rufe ich meine Mutter an. Danach fahre ich zur Arbeit und steige in Frankfurt um. Am Abend sehe ich fern und schlafe fr\u00fch ein.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That paragraph contains seven separable verbs and all four rules. Change it slightly each day, and change the tenses: <em>Gestern bin ich um sieben aufgestanden &#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Official sources<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the official details and the latest updates, see:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/grammis.ids-mannheim.de\/fragen\/109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IDS Mannheim (grammis): grammis: umfahren vs umfahren (separable verbs)<\/a> \u2013 When prefix verbs split (aufnehmen) and when they stay fixed<\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.duden.de\/sprachwissen\/fuer-lernende\/wortarten-verben\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Duden: Duden for learners: verbs (tense, mood, modal verbs)<\/a> \u2013 Verb person, tense, mood and voice; modal verbs and werden<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What is a separable verb in German?<\/strong><br>\nA verb with a prefix that separates from the verb and moves to the end of the clause in main clauses, for example <em>aufstehen \u2192 Ich stehe auf.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How do you know if a verb is separable?<\/strong><br>\nLook at the prefix: <em>an-, auf-, aus-, ein-, mit-, vor-, zu-<\/em> and similar prefixes separate. <em>be-, ent-, er-, ge-, ver-, zer-<\/em> never do. Dictionaries mark separable verbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How do separable verbs work in the Perfekt?<\/strong><br>\nThe participle is written as one word, with <em>-ge-<\/em> inside: <em>aufstehen \u2192 aufgestanden, anrufen \u2192 angerufen.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Where does the prefix go with modal verbs?<\/strong><br>\nIt stays attached: <em>Ich muss fr\u00fch aufstehen.<\/em> The prefix only separates when the verb is conjugated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Do separable verbs appear in the B1 exam?<\/strong><br>\nYes, constantly, in every speaking and writing task. They are also part of the basics at A1 and A2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The prefix at the end is easy to forget when you&#8217;re speaking.<\/strong> SipLingo corrects your German as you talk, in your own language. A1 to B2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/siplingo.com\/download?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=separable-verbs-german&amp;utm_content=footer\">Start free \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why German verbs split in two, where the prefix goes, how they work in Perfekt and with modals, and the 30 separable verbs you need first.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-german-grammar"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>German Separable Verbs: The Simple Rules and 30 Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Why German verbs split in two, where the prefix goes, how they work in Perfekt and with modals, and the 30 separable 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